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February 2008 Top Stories


»» NASA's Deep Impact Begins Hunt For Alien Worlds

NASA's Deep Impact Begins Hunt For Alien Worlds [Friday, February 8, 2008] NASA's Deep Impact spacecraft is aiming its largest telescope at five stars in a search for alien (exosolar) planets as it enters its extended mission, called EPOXI.



»» Scientists rebuild ancient proteins to reveal primordial Earth's temperature

Scientists rebuild ancient proteins to reveal primordial Earth's temperature [Friday, February 8, 2008] Using the genetic equivalent of an ancient thermometer, a team of scientists has determined that the Earth endured a massive cooling period between 500 million and 3.5 billion years ago.



»» Dusty Disk Around Nearby Star May Hide Earth-like Planet

Dusty Disk Around Nearby Star May Hide Earth-like Planet [Friday, February 8, 2008] A recent survey by a team of Japanese astronomers may have found an Earth-like planet hidden in the dust around a nearby star.



»» Scientists Study "Plumbing" in Plumes of Enceladus

Scientists Study [Friday, February 8, 2008] Scientists on the Cassini mission have become out-of-this world "plumbers" as they try to piece together what's happening inside the "pipes" feeding the plumes of Saturn's moon Enceladus.



»» ESA ISGP ASGSB ELGRA meeting in Angers, France

ESA ISGP ASGSB ELGRA meeting in Angers, France [Saturday, February 9, 2008] " The scientific committee is very excited about the developments so far leading up to the meeting, which is titled "Life in Space for Life on Earth". Here are a few things you should know right away."



»» Spitzer Catches Young Stars in Their Baby Blanket of Dust

Spitzer Catches Young Stars in Their Baby Blanket of Dust [Monday, February 11, 2008] Newborn stars peek out from beneath their natal blanket of dust in this dynamic image of the Rho Ophiuchi dark cloud from NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope.



»» Predicting the radiation risk to ESA's astronauts

Predicting the radiation risk to ESA's astronauts [Wednesday, February 13, 2008] European scientists have developed the most accurate method yet for predicting the doses of radiation that astronauts will receive aboard the orbiting European laboratory module, Columbus, attached to the ISS this week.



»» Titan's surface organics surpass oil reserves on Earth

Titan's surface organics surpass oil reserves on Earth [Wednesday, February 13, 2008] Titan has hundreds of times more liquid hydrocarbons than all the known oil and natural gas reserves on Earth, according to new Cassini data. The hydrocarbons rain from the sky, collecting in vast deposits that form lakes and dunes.



»» A newly discovered solar system contains scaled-down versions of Saturn and Jupiter

A newly discovered solar system contains scaled-down versions of Saturn and Jupiter [Thursday, February 14, 2008] A team of international astronomers reports in the Feb. 15 issue of Science the discovery of a solar system nearly 5,000 light years away with scaled-down versions of Jupiter and Saturn.



»» Mars Rovers Sharpen Questions About Livable Conditions

Mars Rovers Sharpen Questions About Livable Conditions [Friday, February 15, 2008] Like salt used as a preservative, high concentrations of dissolved minerals in the wet, early-Mars environment known from discoveries by NASA's Opportunity rover may have thwarted any microbes from developing or surviving.



»» Many, Perhaps Most, Nearby Sun-Like Stars May Form Rocky Planets

Many, Perhaps Most, Nearby Sun-Like Stars May Form Rocky Planets [Sunday, February 17, 2008] Astronomers have discovered that terrestrial planets might form around many, if not most, of the nearby sun-like stars in our galaxy. These new results suggest that worlds with potential for life might be more common than we thought.



»» Krill discovered living in the Antarctic abyss

Krill discovered living in the Antarctic abyss [Monday, February 25, 2008] Scientists have discovered Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) living and feeding down to depths of 3000 metres in the waters around the Antarctic Peninsula. Until now this shrimp-like crustacean was thought to live only in the upper ocean.



»» The Spontaneous Development of Biology from Chemistry

The Spontaneous Development of Biology from Chemistry [Monday, February 25, 2008] Biology arose as a spontaneous development from the chemistry of the early Earth by Free Energy-driven processes that occurred in common environments involving significant populations of systems



»» Superluminous Supernovae: No Threat from n Carinae

Superluminous Supernovae: No Threat from n Carinae [Monday, February 25, 2008] Recently, Supernova 2006gy was noted as the most luminous ever recorded, with a total radiated energy of 1044 Joules.



»» Microbial Rock Inhabitants Survive Hypervelocity Impacts on Mars-Like Host Planets: First Phase of Lithopanspermia Experimentally Tested

Microbial Rock Inhabitants Survive Hypervelocity Impacts on Mars-Like Host Planets: First Phase of Lithopanspermia Experimentally Tested [Monday, February 25, 2008] The scenario of lithopanspermia describes the viable transport of microorganisms via meteorites.



»» Acetylene as Fast Food: Implications for Development of Life on Anoxic Primordial Earth and in the Outer Solar System

Acetylene as Fast Food: Implications for Development of Life on Anoxic Primordial Earth and in the Outer Solar System [Monday, February 25, 2008] Acetylene occurs, by photolysis of methane, in the atmospheres of jovian planets and Titan. In contrast, acetylene is only a trace component of Earth's current atmosphere.



»» Formaldehyde in the Far Outer Galaxy: Constraining the Outer Boundary of the Galactic Habitable Zone

Formaldehyde in the Far Outer Galaxy: Constraining the Outer Boundary of the Galactic Habitable Zone [Monday, February 25, 2008] We present results from an initial survey of the 212-111 transition of formaldehyde (H2CO) at 140.8 GHz in giant molecular clouds in the far outer Galaxy (RG >= 16 kpc).



»» Control of Lunar and Martian Dust--Experimental Insights from Artificial and Natural Cyanobacterial and Algal Crusts in the Desert of Inner Mongolia, China

Control of Lunar and Martian Dust--Experimental Insights from Artificial and Natural Cyanobacterial and Algal Crusts in the Desert of Inner Mongolia, China [Monday, February 25, 2008] Studies on the colonization of environmentally extreme ground surfaces were conducted in a Mars-like desert area of Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, with microalgae and cyanobacteria.



»» Subsurface Filamentous Fabrics: An Evaluation of Origins Based on Morphological and Geochemical Criteria, with Implications for Exopaleontology

Subsurface Filamentous Fabrics: An Evaluation of Origins Based on Morphological and Geochemical Criteria, with Implications for Exopaleontology [Monday, February 25, 2008] The fossil record of the subsurface biosphere is sparse. Results obtained on subsurface filamentous fabrics (SFF) from >225 paleosubsurface sites in volcanics, oxidized ores, and paleokarst of subrecent to Proterozoic age are presented.



»» Identification of Morphological Biosignatures in Martian Analogue Field Specimens Using In Situ Planetary Instrumentation

Identification of Morphological Biosignatures in Martian Analogue Field Specimens Using In Situ Planetary Instrumentation [Monday, February 25, 2008] We have investigated how morphological biosignatures (i.e., features related to life) might be identified with an array of viable instruments within the framework of robotic planetary surface operations at Mars.



»» Some Ecological Mechanisms to Generate Habitability in Planetary Subsurface Areas by Chemolithotrophic Communities: The Rio Tinto Subsurface Ecosystem as a Model System

Some Ecological Mechanisms to Generate Habitability in Planetary Subsurface Areas by Chemolithotrophic Communities: The Rio Tinto Subsurface Ecosystem as a Model System [Monday, February 25, 2008] Chemolithotrophic communities that colonize subsurface habitats have great relevance for the astrobiological exploration of our Solar System.



»» Implications of an Anthropic Model of Evolution for Emergence of Complex Life and Intelligence

Implications of an Anthropic Model of Evolution for Emergence of Complex Life and Intelligence [Monday, February 25, 2008] Structurally complex life and intelligence evolved late on Earth; models for the evolution of global temperature suggest that the future life span of the biosphere will be "only" about another billion years.



»» Cyanobacterial Emergence at 2.8 Gya and Greenhouse Feedbacks

Cyanobacterial Emergence at 2.8 Gya and Greenhouse Feedbacks [Monday, February 25, 2008] Apparent cyanobacterial emergence at about 2.8 Gya coincides with the negative excursion in the organic carbon isotope record, which is the first strong evidence for the presence of atmospheric methane.



»» Life Forms Ejected on Asteroid Impact Could Survive to Reseed Earth According to a Study Published in Astrobiology

Life Forms Ejected on Asteroid Impact Could Survive to Reseed Earth According to a Study Published in Astrobiology [Monday, February 25, 2008] In the event that an asteroid or comet would impact Earth and send rock fragments containing embedded microorganisms into space, at least some of those organisms might survive and reseed on Earth or another planetary surface able to support life.



»» A Question of Climate

A Question of Climate [Tuesday, February 26, 2008] The hot nature of our planet's earliest days seems to be reflected in the tree of life - the most ancient branches are thermophiles, microbes that thrive in temperatures of 50 degrees C (122 F) or warmer.



»» How the atmospheres of Mars and Venus are affected by carbon monoxide

How the atmospheres of Mars and Venus are affected by carbon monoxide [Tuesday, February 26, 2008] Modelling of the Earth's atmosphere has acquired economic importance due to its use in the prediction of ozone depletion and in measuring the impact of global warming.




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